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Each sculpture begins as a wheel thrown piece. Slips, oxides and inclusions are applied in layers when the clay is leather hard.  The outside is then torched dry. Next, the vessel is stretched from the inside using smooth scraping tools until the desired effect is achieved. This is the most difficult and exciting part of the process.  The clay needs to crack on the outside but remain intact and pliable on the inside.  It is a challenge to see how far the clay can be pushed to reveal its beauty.

The antler-like shapes are made by piercing through the clay from the inside with a single spear of clay.  More spears are then added to create an antler-like shape.  The clay must be dry enough to retain its shape but soft enough to yield to the sculpting and texturing.  Again the clay is pushed to the edge of its abilities and the results are rewarding and satisfying.

After bisque firing, more oxides are then rubbed into the outside of the body of clay.  The inside is sometimes glazed depending on the design of the vessel.  The clay body that is used is high fire stoneware.  The final process is to fire the work to cone 10 or approximately 2300 degrees Fahrenheit.